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V historických písomnostiach sa o Šarišápe píše: „... jazyk omší je dve nedele za sebou slovenčina a jednu nedeľu maďarčina!“, podľa čoho môžeme predpokladať, že väčšinu obyvateľov tvorili v tom čase Slováci. Živili sa prevažne obrábaním pôdy, popri tom od roku 1781 sa zamestnávali v uhoľných baniach. V roku 1785 tu žilo 570 obyvateľov. Po revolúcii a boji za slobodu (1848 - 1849), až do roku 1897, bola jazykom používaným v kostole i v škole slovenčina. Medzi dvoma svetovými vojnami význam baníctva klesal, preto sa z osady značná časť baníckych rodín vysťahovala do západnej Európy. Po druhej svetovej vojne, počas výmeny obyvateľstva, sa vysťahovalo na Slovensko približne päťsto ľudí. Usadili sa hlavne v Handlovej. V období rozkvetu baníctva, v rokoch 1949
1960, mal Šarišáp viac ako 4 000 obyvateľov. Od 70. rokov pod vplyvom zatvorenia baní postupne klesal na približne 3000 osôb. V chotári obce dodnes ťažia kaolín, ktorý sa používa na priemyselné účely.
V záujme zachovania slovenských tradícií v roku 1972 vznikol v obci páví krúžok pod vedením Jána Malárika, ktorý úspešne pôsobí dodnes. V záujme zachovania slovenského jazyka a miestnych slovenských tradícií tu 18. októbra 1998 založili slovenskú menšinovú samosprávu. Dodnes tu pestujú slovenské ľudové tradície a udržiavajú priateľské styky s Handlovou. Najcennejšie pozoruhodnosti obce sú kalvária pochádzajúca z konca 18. storočia (rekonštruovaná v rokoch 2001 - 2003) a rímskokatolícky kostol svätého Imricha z roku 1776. V osvetovom dome je zriadené banícke múzeum.
Pamätný dom
Pamätný dom predstavuje návštevníkom život tunajších slovenských rodín. Má tri miestnosti (prednú izbu, pitvor, zadnú izbu) a bočnú pavlač, „gang“. Zariadenie predstavuje kultúru bývania z druhej polovice 19. stor. do 30. - 40. rokov 20. storočia. Prvá izba sa používala len na sviatočné a smútočné príležitosti. Izba je zariadená nábytkom vyrobeným v obci - v dedine pracovali dvaja stolári. V každej izbe sa nachádza toľko „šifonov“, koľko mali dcér (v nich ukladali výbavu), na vnútornú stranu dvier zaznamenávali dôležité rodinné udalosti. V pitvore sa nachádza náradie používané v kuchyni, tu malo svoje miesto i „almárium“ s datovaním 1903, kde ukladali dôležité dokumenty a pálenku. Zaujímavosťou kuchyne je „naťahačka“, t. j. stôl, ktorého dolná časť bola vyťahovacia a slúžila ako posteľ pre deti. V obytnej časti domu sú vystavené figuríny oblečené do tradičného miestneho kroja. Táto izba slúžila ako miesto každodenného pobytu. V komore sú uložené rôzne nástroje, náradie potrebné pre hospodárstvo, pozoruhodné je rastlinným motívom zdobené jarmo. Na konci pavlače je lis na víno dokazujúci, že pestovanie viniča tu tiež zohrávalo dôležitú úlohu. Z pôvodných hospodárskych stavieb stojí už len drevený chliev, za ktorým boli kuríny. Na konci pozemku postavená kôlňa slúži na predstavenie poľnohospodárskeho náradia. Zbieranie vystavených národopisných predmetov začali v roku 1985 Klára Szabová Viblingová a Katarína Huberová Kisgyőriová. Prvá výstava bola otvorená v kultúrnom dome, v súčasnosti je zbierka umiestnená v Pamätnom dome, ktorý odovzdali verejnosti v roku 2000.
(leg-ľn)
